Healthy eating and physical activity in older Peruvians post-pandemic

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has accentuated health risks for older adults, where sedentary lifestyles and comorbidities such as obesity and hypertension have increased. In this scenario, it is important to analyze how healthy eating and physical activity are related in this vulnerable population. Objective: To determine the relationship between healthy eating and physical activity in older adults at a senior citizens’ club in Lima. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 58 participants (67% women) between the ages of 60 and 75, who were overweight or obese and engaged in some form of physical activity. A validated questionnaire was used to assess diet (Likert scale 1–5, Cronbach’s alpha = 0.85) and physical activity (KR-20 = 0.87). The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and nonparametric tests. Results: Ninety-nine percent of older adults had healthy eating habits, but only 49% achieved adequate levels of physical activity, revealing a gap. Physically active adults had significantly higher percentages of favorable levels of nutritional knowledge (85% vs. 50%), emotional access (71% vs. 38%), and dietary autonomy (82% vs. 42%). The correlations between these dimensions and physical activity were positive and significant; in particular, autonomy showed a moderate correlation (r = 0.41; p = 0.001). Discussion: The findings of this study show a positive and statistically significant relationship between healthy eating and physical activity in older adults, which is in line with international studies that highlight the coexistence of healthy behaviors in this population. Conclusion: There is an association between healthy eating, especially when accompanied by autonomy and emotional well-being, and physical activity in older adults.