Factores de riesgo asociados a la morbilidad materna extrema

Introduction: Extreme maternal morbidity is a serious complication that occurs during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, which puts the woman's life at risk and is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Objective: Identify the risk factors associated with extreme maternal morbidity. Methods: Observational, analytical case-control study, the analyzed sample of 219 patients was made up of cases of extreme maternal morbidity and healthy controls from the San Bartolomé hospital, Lima-Peru. The variables measured were: sociodemographic, obstetric, clinical and neonatal. The summary measures were applied for each type of variables and the determination of the risk factors by applying the odds ratio, the statistical package Stata 11, Stata Statistical Software: Release 11, was used, with a confidence interval of 95 %. Results: The factors associated with extreme maternal morbidity, according to the multivariate analysis, were: Hellp syndrome (OR= 21; p= 0.020), postpartum hemorrhage (OR= 4.9; p= 0.007), cesarean delivery (OR= 6.3; p= 0.002), overweight (OR= 4; p= 0.030) and preterm birth (OR= 9.8; p= 0.001). Conclusions: Hellp syndrome, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean delivery, overweight and preterm delivery are risk factors associated with extreme maternal morbidity.