Efecto del consumo de extracto liofilizado de Petroselinum sativum (perejil) sobre la microalbuminuria en pacientes hipertensos atendidos de forma ambulatoria, Lima 2025

Introduction: The use of natural products as adjuvants in the management of arterial hypertension has attracted increasing interest. Petroselinum sativum (parsley) has been shown to possess vasorelaxant, diuretic, and antioxidant properties in experimental studies; however, clinical evidence in humans remains limited, particularly regarding its dose–response effect and its impact on early renal markers. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different doses of lyophilized Petroselinum sativum extract on microalbuminuria in adults after four weeks of intervention. Methods: A four-week clinical trial was conducted with four parallel groups: control, 0.5 g, 1 g, and 2 g doses of lyophilized Petroselinum sativum extract (n = 21 per group). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 24-hour urine volume, urinary albumin, urinary creatinine, and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) were assessed at baseline and at the end of follow-up. ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied according to data distribution, with post-hoc comparisons adjusted using the Holm method. Additionally, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to adjust final blood pressure values for baseline measurements. Results: At baseline, significant differences between groups were observed for SBP (p = 0.0465), with a more pronounced imbalance for DBP (p < 0.0001). At the end of the intervention, SBP differed significantly among groups (p < 0.0001), with lower values in the 2 g group (133.33 ± 5.29 mmHg) compared with the control group (146.67 ± 4.59 mmHg). Final DBP also showed significant differences between groups (p < 0.0001). Change analysis (Δ final–baseline) demonstrated a greater reduction in SBP in the 2 g group (−11.76 ± 4.43 mmHg) compared with the control group (−1.00 [−2.00; −1.00] mmHg; p < 0.0001), as well as a greater decrease in DBP (p = 0.0005). ANCOVA confirmed that the effect of treatment group on final SBP and DBP was independent of baseline values (p < 0.0001). No significant differences between groups were observed in urinary albumin, urinary creatinine, or ACR at baseline, at the end of follow-up, or in change analyses (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Lyophilized Petroselinum sativum extract demonstrated a significant, dose-dependent antihypertensive effect, particularly at a dose of 2 g/day, after four weeks of intervention. No differential effect on microalbuminuria or other urinary markers was observed in the short term. These findings support a potential role for the extract as a complementary strategy for blood pressure control; however, studies with longer follow-up are required to assess sustained renal effects and long-term safety.