Challenges and potential benefits for the implementation of robots in building projects: The case of Perú

Robotics is a key component of Construction 4.0 and has gained increasing attention in construction projects. However, previous studies have mainly focused on technological development, with limited analysis of the perceived challenges and benefits among industry stakeholders. This study examines these aspects in the Peruvian construction sector. A literature review was conducted to identify potential challenges and benefits, which were validated by six experts, resulting in 11 benefits and 13 challenges. A survey was then administered to construction professionals, and the data were analyzed using Cronbach’s coefficient, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The results show that the main challenges include weak innovation culture, limited investment capacity, and complex technological requirements. The most significant benefits are improved efficiency through automation and digital interoperability, continuous improvement through industrialized production, and enhanced organizational competitiveness. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening innovative culture, developing regulatory frameworks, and adapting implementation strategies to promote robotics adoption in the construction industry.