The Hydraulic Engineering of Tipón: A Systematic Review of its Impact and Enduring Legacy

In the southeastern part of Cusco, Peru, the archeological site of Tipón is characterized by its hydraulic system, which is a combination of agricultural functionality and symbolism relying on sophisticated engineering practices. The site includes canals, fountains, and aqueducts, forming a network that seeks precision and beauty. Although it has a high importance and is a source of knowledge, few studies have reported how the hydraulic system works and its implications for the current water sustainability practices. A systematic review using the PRISMA guidelines. It is shown that the interconnected hydraulic system is effective for water distribution, and its applications range from agricultural to erosion control and ceremonial use. The present study remarks the role of the Tipón as a source of knowledge for addressing contemporary problems related to water management, especially in areas under water stress.