Rentabilidad empresarial: evidencia empírica del sector industrial peruano

This study analyzes the factors associated with the profitability of Peruvian industrial firms listed on the Lima Stock Exchange during the period 2015–2024, highlighting their relevance for managerial decision-making. Using an explanatory design based on secondary macroeconomic, financial, and firm-specific data, a sample of 22 firms was examined through panel data models with robust estimators. Profitability was assessed using return on assets, return on equity, and return on sales indicators. The results show that firm growth is the main factor positively associated with both economic and financial performance, while firm size exhibits differentiated effects depending on the profitability measure considered. Internal financial variables do not present statistically significant effects, and macroeconomic factors display limited influence; only the exchange rate and firm age significantly affect operating profitability. It is concluded that, in the Peruvian case, business dynamism constitutes the primary driver of industrial profitability, even in contexts characterized by macroeconomic volatility.