Internet of Things (IoT)-Scope, Applicability and Communication Models Internet de las Cosas (IoT)-Ámbito de Aplicación y Modelos de Comunicación

This research aims to study the conception of the Internet of Things (IoT), the areas where it is used and the communication models of the Internet of Things. It was investigated by collecting bibliographic material on the internet of things, its scope of application and communication models. After the analysis it was determined that the internet of things allows the interconnection between different devices, machines and people. To establish the areas of use of the IoT, the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean are taken as a reference, where strong use by the transport and logistics sector, the health sector and the government was evidenced. Finally, the communication models of the Internet of Things most used are: device-to-device connection, cloud device, connection through connection ports and data exchange through the backend. It was evidenced that the application of IoT in the key sectors for developing countries such as the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, is still incipient, being 15%, 10%, 14%, 21% and 31% of application in the sectors such as Transportation, Retail, Manufacturing, Government and Health Care respectively. In the current post-pandemic context due to Covid-19, the use of IoT will allow the recovery of the economy and promote the sustainable development of the region.