An Interactive AR-Based Level-2 Gamified System for Robotic Education: Mobile and Manipulator Platforms

Robotics education faces challenges due to limited access to physical laboratories and the complexity of teaching abstract concepts. In response, technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and gamification have emerged as promising strategies to enhance student engagement and knowledge retention. However, their application in robotics education, particularly for first-year engineering students, remains limited. To address this gap, a Level 2 augmented reality gamified system was developed to introduce essential concepts of mobile and manipulator robots. Results from the implementation indicate that students who engaged with the AR system achieved significantly better learning outcomes, with an average improvement of 17.98% in their scores compared to those instructed through traditional methods. Furthermore, an evaluation based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) revealed that perceived usefulness and enjoyment significantly influenced students' intention to continue using the system. These findings highlight the practical value of integrating AR and gamification into robotics education, as they transform conventional engineering education into a more accessible, engaging, and interactive experience.