Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols

Ali A. Rabaan; Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed; Maysaa K. Al-Malkey; Roua A. Alsubki; Sayeh Ezzikouri; Fadel Hassan Al-Hababi; Ranjit Sah; Abbas Al Mutair; Saad Alhumaid; Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq; Awad Al-Omari; Ayman M. Al-Qaaneh; Manaf Al-Qahtani; Raghavendra Tirupathi; Mohammad A. Al Hamad; Nadira A. Al-baghli; Tarek Sulaiman; Arwa Alsubait; Rachana Mehta; Elfadil Abass; Maha Alawi; Fatimah Alshahrani; Dhan Bahadur Shrestha; Mohmed Isaqali Karobari; Samuel Pecho-Silva; Kovy Arteaga-Livias; D. Katterine Bonilla Aldana; Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols

Ali A. Rabaan
, Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed
, Maysaa K. Al-Malkey
, Roua A. Alsubki
, Sayeh Ezzikouri
, Fadel Hassan Al-Hababi
, Ranjit Sah
, Abbas Al Mutair
, Saad Alhumaid
, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
, Awad Al-Omari
, Ayman M. Al-Qaaneh
, Manaf Al-Qahtani
, Raghavendra Tirupathi
, Mohammad A. Al Hamad
, Nadira A. Al-baghli
, Tarek Sulaiman
, Arwa Alsubait
, Rachana Mehta
, Elfadil Abass

Maha Alawi, Fatimah Alshahrani, Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Samuel Pecho-Silva, Kovy Arteaga-Livias, D. Katterine Bonilla Aldana, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

Research output: Contribution to journal › Original Article › peer-review

76 Scopus citations

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. On a daily basis the number of deaths associated with COVID- 19 is rapidly increasing. The main transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is through the air (airborne transmission). This review details the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the aerodynamics, and different modes of transmission (e.g. droplets, droplet nuclei, and aerosol particles). SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by an infected person during activities such as expiration, coughing, sneezing, and talking. During such activities and some medical procedures, aerosols and droplets contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 particles are formed. Depending on their sizes and the environmental conditions, such particles stay viable in the air for varying time periods and can cause infection in a susceptible host. Very few studies have been conducted to establish the mechanism or the aerodynamics of virus-loaded particles and droplets in causing infection. In this review we discuss the various forms in which SARS- CoV-2 virus particles can be transmitted in air and cause infections.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	10-19
Number of pages	10
Journal	Infezioni in Medicina
Volume	29
Issue number	1
State	Indexed - 2021
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche. All rights reserved.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Aerosol
Airborne transmission
COVID-19
Droplets
SARS-CoV-2

Cite this

Rabaan, A. A., Al-Ahmed, S. H., Al-Malkey, M. K., Alsubki, R. A., Ezzikouri, S., Al-Hababi, F. H., Sah, R., Al Mutair, A., Alhumaid, S., Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Al-Omari, A., Al-Qaaneh, A. M., Al-Qahtani, M., Tirupathi, R., Al Hamad, M. A., Al-baghli, N. A., Sulaiman, T., Alsubait, A., Mehta, R., ... Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. (2021). Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols. Infezioni in Medicina, 29(1), 10-19.

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title = "Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols",

abstract = "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. On a daily basis the number of deaths associated with COVID- 19 is rapidly increasing. The main transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is through the air (airborne transmission). This review details the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the aerodynamics, and different modes of transmission (e.g. droplets, droplet nuclei, and aerosol particles). SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by an infected person during activities such as expiration, coughing, sneezing, and talking. During such activities and some medical procedures, aerosols and droplets contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 particles are formed. Depending on their sizes and the environmental conditions, such particles stay viable in the air for varying time periods and can cause infection in a susceptible host. Very few studies have been conducted to establish the mechanism or the aerodynamics of virus-loaded particles and droplets in causing infection. In this review we discuss the various forms in which SARS- CoV-2 virus particles can be transmitted in air and cause infections.",

keywords = "Aerosol, Airborne transmission, COVID-19, Droplets, SARS-CoV-2",

author = "Rabaan, \{Ali A.\} and Al-Ahmed, \{Shamsah H.\} and Al-Malkey, \{Maysaa K.\} and Alsubki, \{Roua A.\} and Sayeh Ezzikouri and Al-Hababi, \{Fadel Hassan\} and Ranjit Sah and \{Al Mutair\}, Abbas and Saad Alhumaid and Al-Tawfiq, \{Jaffar A.\} and Awad Al-Omari and Al-Qaaneh, \{Ayman M.\} and Manaf Al-Qahtani and Raghavendra Tirupathi and \{Al Hamad\}, \{Mohammad A.\} and Al-baghli, \{Nadira A.\} and Tarek Sulaiman and Arwa Alsubait and Rachana Mehta and Elfadil Abass and Maha Alawi and Fatimah Alshahrani and Shrestha, \{Dhan Bahadur\} and Karobari, \{Mohmed Isaqali\} and Samuel Pecho-Silva and Kovy Arteaga-Livias and \{Katterine Bonilla Aldana\}, D. and Rodriguez-Morales, \{Alfonso J.\}",

year = "2021",

language = "American English",

volume = "29",

pages = "10--19",

journal = "Infezioni in Medicina",

issn = "1124-9390",

publisher = "EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche",

number = "1",

}

Rabaan, AA, Al-Ahmed, SH, Al-Malkey, MK, Alsubki, RA, Ezzikouri, S, Al-Hababi, FH, Sah, R, Al Mutair, A, Alhumaid, S, Al-Tawfiq, JA, Al-Omari, A, Al-Qaaneh, AM, Al-Qahtani, M, Tirupathi, R, Al Hamad, MA, Al-baghli, NA, Sulaiman, T, Alsubait, A, Mehta, R, Abass, E, Alawi, M, Alshahrani, F, Shrestha, DB, Karobari, MI, Pecho-Silva, S, Arteaga-Livias, K, Katterine Bonilla Aldana, D & Rodriguez-Morales, AJ 2021, 'Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols', Infezioni in Medicina, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 10-19.

TY - JOUR

T1 - Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission

T2 - Droplets and aerosols

AU - Rabaan, Ali A.

AU - Al-Ahmed, Shamsah H.

AU - Al-Malkey, Maysaa K.

AU - Alsubki, Roua A.

AU - Ezzikouri, Sayeh

AU - Al-Hababi, Fadel Hassan

AU - Sah, Ranjit

AU - Al Mutair, Abbas

AU - Alhumaid, Saad

AU - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.

AU - Al-Omari, Awad

AU - Al-Qaaneh, Ayman M.

AU - Al-Qahtani, Manaf

AU - Tirupathi, Raghavendra

AU - Al Hamad, Mohammad A.

AU - Al-baghli, Nadira A.

AU - Sulaiman, Tarek

AU - Alsubait, Arwa

AU - Mehta, Rachana

AU - Abass, Elfadil

AU - Alawi, Maha

AU - Alshahrani, Fatimah

AU - Shrestha, Dhan Bahadur

AU - Karobari, Mohmed Isaqali

AU - Pecho-Silva, Samuel

AU - Arteaga-Livias, Kovy

AU - Katterine Bonilla Aldana, D.

AU - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. On a daily basis the number of deaths associated with COVID- 19 is rapidly increasing. The main transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is through the air (airborne transmission). This review details the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the aerodynamics, and different modes of transmission (e.g. droplets, droplet nuclei, and aerosol particles). SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by an infected person during activities such as expiration, coughing, sneezing, and talking. During such activities and some medical procedures, aerosols and droplets contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 particles are formed. Depending on their sizes and the environmental conditions, such particles stay viable in the air for varying time periods and can cause infection in a susceptible host. Very few studies have been conducted to establish the mechanism or the aerodynamics of virus-loaded particles and droplets in causing infection. In this review we discuss the various forms in which SARS- CoV-2 virus particles can be transmitted in air and cause infections.

AB - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. On a daily basis the number of deaths associated with COVID- 19 is rapidly increasing. The main transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is through the air (airborne transmission). This review details the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the aerodynamics, and different modes of transmission (e.g. droplets, droplet nuclei, and aerosol particles). SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by an infected person during activities such as expiration, coughing, sneezing, and talking. During such activities and some medical procedures, aerosols and droplets contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 particles are formed. Depending on their sizes and the environmental conditions, such particles stay viable in the air for varying time periods and can cause infection in a susceptible host. Very few studies have been conducted to establish the mechanism or the aerodynamics of virus-loaded particles and droplets in causing infection. In this review we discuss the various forms in which SARS- CoV-2 virus particles can be transmitted in air and cause infections.

KW - Aerosol

KW - Airborne transmission

KW - COVID-19

KW - Droplets

KW - SARS-CoV-2

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85102686824

M3 - Original Article

C2 - 33664169

AN - SCOPUS:85102686824

SN - 1124-9390

VL - 29

SP - 10

EP - 19

JO - Infezioni in Medicina

JF - Infezioni in Medicina

IS - 1

ER -

Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

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